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Tolkien_Freak



Joined: 26 Jul 2007
Posts: 1231
Location: in front of my computer. always.

PostPosted: Sun Jan 23, 2011 1:50 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Serali wrote:
Learning Korean! *^^*

어떻께 지냈어요 여러분? Razz


Nice ^_^
I hope to take Korean when I hit college.

Quote:
I'm in high school. I'm not sure how the senior/junior terms work, so I'll just say that next year will be my last year of school.

In the US at least it works like this:
9th grade (HS 1st year) - freshman
10th - sophomore
11th - junior
12th - senior
So you'd be a junior.

Quote:
I haven't been posting much because I should be studying for exams. I have been posting some because I'm not as studious as I should be...

I know how that is ^_^
When are your exams? Ours were right before winter break, and the public schools around us did em last week.
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Hemicomputer



Joined: 04 Feb 2008
Posts: 610
Location: Calgary, Alberta

PostPosted: Sun Jan 23, 2011 10:43 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Tolkien_Freak wrote:

Quote:
I'm in high school. I'm not sure how the senior/junior terms work, so I'll just say that next year will be my last year of school.

In the US at least it works like this:
9th grade (HS 1st year) - freshman
10th - sophomore
11th - junior
12th - senior
So you'd be a junior.
Okay, thanks. In some provinces here (Ontario for sure, possibly others) there has been a "Grade 13" used as sort of a University prep year. Is there anything similar in the US? How would they classify that?

Tolkien_Freak wrote:

When are your exams? Ours were right before winter break, and the public schools around us did em last week.
Right after the end of the semester, i.e. this week and last week. I go to a charter school, though, meaning that our school's policies don't line up with the standards set by the Calgary Board of Education. Alberta has tons of these, so it probably varies a lot.
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Tolkien_Freak



Joined: 26 Jul 2007
Posts: 1231
Location: in front of my computer. always.

PostPosted: Sun Jan 23, 2011 10:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Hemicomputer wrote:
In some provinces here (Ontario for sure, possibly others) there has been a "Grade 13" used as sort of a University prep year. Is there anything similar in the US? How would they classify that?

There's really not much analogous to that here. The closest thing I can think of would be enrolling in community college for a year or two and then transferring to normal college, rather than going straight there.

Quote:
Right after the end of the semester, i.e. this week and last week. I go to a charter school, though, meaning that our school's policies don't line up with the standards set by the Calgary Board of Education. Alberta has tons of these, so it probably varies a lot.

Sou ka. I wonder why so many schools seem to have all their exams after the nice long break -- you're stuck studying the whole time.
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Zearen Wover



Joined: 09 Apr 2009
Posts: 42

PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 4:32 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm a Sophomore (Junior by credit count) student of Mathematics and Computer science at the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. I'd triple major in linguistics if it were for the fact that a) you have to pay an additional $300 per additional credit over 18 and I'm already full every semester (I miss French Sad) and b) they don't offer it here. For these reasons I'm considering transferring to main, but we'll see. I really like the professors her and I don't do well with large class sizes.
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achemel



Joined: 29 Mar 2009
Posts: 556
Location: up for debate

PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 9:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Yeah, Pitt main! Very Happy

How large is large for you? My linguistics classes (other than the intro course, which was pretty big as a matter of course) were less than 30 people each.

And I don't know if it's just a location difference, but I paid $600 for an extra credit. Sad
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Aert



Joined: 03 Jul 2008
Posts: 354

PostPosted: Sat Feb 12, 2011 12:35 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Here in Victoria my linguistics classes are between 40-80 people. My intro bio and psyc classes have 300 each... The language classes though have about 10-25 each.

Just for a comparison Smile
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achemel



Joined: 29 Mar 2009
Posts: 556
Location: up for debate

PostPosted: Sat Feb 12, 2011 2:43 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Well, we have plenty of 300-person lectures too, but the East Asian language classes at least have very small classes. The intro linguistics class I was in seated probably 300 but it was never full.
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polyglot



Joined: 11 Apr 2009
Posts: 22

PostPosted: Sat Feb 12, 2011 5:10 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I have many different hobbies other than conlangs, including but not limited to: reading, writing, calligraphy, Jeweling, bookbinding, knife throwing, learning ANYTHING (but math Mad ), leather work, medieval reenactment, symbology, and general making things.

As far as school goes I used to be enrolled in an online school as a freshman, but due to some major Hippopotamus s*** I am currently in educational limbo until we can find a school that will deal with an above average autistic kid
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Cordelier



Joined: 06 Oct 2009
Posts: 60
Location: New Mexico, USA

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 3:19 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Are linguistics classes worth taking? I mean, what do we learn in it? When I read the summary of the classes (mainly the Intro to Linguistics), it stated that they would teach about the people who speak specific languages. I saw nothing that would teach us how they pronounce the alphabetical characters... Or am I just confused?

P.S.: Dang, I have not been there for a long time. I feel rusty with my conworld! XD

@Serali:
Korean? Lucky you! My (girl) friend is half Korean! Very Happy
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2- English
3- Créole

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eldin raigmore
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Joined: 03 May 2007
Posts: 1621
Location: SouthEast Michigan

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 6:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cordelier wrote:
Are linguistics classes worth taking?

The "Intro to Linguistics" class I took at Wayne State University was worth taking. It probably would have been worth more if I hadn't had to drop out halfway through.

Cordelier wrote:
I mean, what do we learn in it?

Let's see: I learned;
* what language families are
* where languages of different families are spoken
* what the various major typologies are
* what a "sprachbund" or "linguistic area" is
* what some of the sprachbunds are
* what some of the areal features are
* something about tonal languages and tones and how to pronounce them
* languages with extremely large numbers of cases
* languages with very regular case-systems
* the difference between ergative and accusative languages (and some other major alignments)
* that our instructor didn't know about dative-vs-dechticaetiative
* how new words enter the language
* what contact-languages like "Spanglish" sound like
* how to do a bit of field research
* semantic distinctions that are routinely and easily made in some languages but just sound weird in others
* how Bantu languages like Swahili use noun-classes
* how to ask a question in Potawotami
* how to say the Lord's Prayer in Old English
* how to order breakfast in Swiss German (which isn't like German German)
* the IPA
* some things about prosody
...
* probably other stuff
...

Cordelier wrote:
When I read the summary of the classes (mainly the Intro to Linguistics), it stated that they would teach about the people who speak specific languages.

You can't expect everything in the Intro course. Much of what you want to know will only be taught in courses to which the Intro is a pre-requisite. That's just the way college and university life is.

The main goal of most Intro to Linguistics courses is usually to disabuse the student of any idea that the varieties of languages are limited in any way (other than those in which they are, in fact, limited).

Cordelier wrote:
I saw nothing that would teach us how they pronounce the alphabetical characters...

Why would they teach that, when:
* so many languages aren't written at all?
* so many that are, are written with a logography, or a syllabary, or an abjad, or an abugida --- not an alphabet?
* so many that do have an alphabet, don't have ours?
* so many that do use the Latin alphabet, need lots of diacritics, that effectively amount to making new letters out of old ones?

For many linguistics purposes, including perhaps most of those that an Intro course addresses, exactly how a particular language pronounces a particular letter is not very relevant.

If your Intro course or its next-following-course teaches the IPA, that's probably what you really need to know about pronunciation.


Cordelier wrote:
Or am I just confused?

I didn't read anything that struck me as evidence that you're confused, except:
I think you have either confusing terminology, or actually confused ideas, about pronunciation and writing and the relationship between them.

______________________________________________________

BTW: Thanks so much for posting!
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Cordelier



Joined: 06 Oct 2009
Posts: 60
Location: New Mexico, USA

PostPosted: Tue Feb 22, 2011 1:38 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Wow, that's a long list of things! Shocked Yes, I must have had a misconception of what Linguistics was about. Hmm, learning about IPA, is it still linguistics, or something else?
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eldin raigmore
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Joined: 03 May 2007
Posts: 1621
Location: SouthEast Michigan

PostPosted: Wed Feb 23, 2011 1:28 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cordelier wrote:
Wow, that's a long list of things! :shock: Yes, I must have had a misconception of what Linguistics was about. Hmm, learning about IPA, is it still linguistics, or something else?


IPA is the International Phonetic Alphabet.
It's used for phonetics and phonology.
Those are the parts of linguistics that concern phonemes, allophones, phonotactics, sandhi, etc.
See
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet
http://www.omniglot.com/writing/ipa.htm
http://www.theiling.de/ipa/
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Conlang/Appendix/CXS
http://www.kneequickie.com/kq/Z-SAMPA
http://www.frathwiki.com/Z-SAMPA
http://benung.nfshost.com/dictionary/templates/popup.php

That'll tell you about IPA and about two ways (Z-SAMPA and CXS) to write IPA in ASCII.

If you have the right UNICODE UTF-8 (or better) font, it has all the IPA symbols in it between hex 00E6 and hex 03C7.

All the ordinary lowercase letters of the alphabet are also IPA symbols.

00E0 thru 00FF include various alphabetic-like symbols.

0120 thru 015F include various alphabetic-like symbols.

01C0 thru 01CF include symbols for clicks of one sort or another.

0250 thru 02AF include various alphabetic-like symbols.

02B0 thru 02EF include mostly spacing diacritics or spacing suprasegmentals of one kind or another.

0300 thru 036F include mostly non-spacing diacritics or non-spaciing suprasegmentals of one kind or another.

03B0 thru 03CF include some alphabet-like symbols for segment-types they left out earlier.

hex 2190 thru hex 219F include arrows used for tonal upsteps, downsteps, global rises, and global falls.

See also
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_Extensions_%28Unicode_block%29
and
http://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1SKPC_enUS343US348&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&q=UNICODE+IPA.

You'll probably also want to look up
http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsASuprasegmental.htm
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574738/suprasegmental
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segment_%28linguistics%29
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosody_%28linguistics%29
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/suprasegmental
http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~krussll/138/sec3/stress.htm
.

____________________________________________________________

Those things all have to do with what your language sounds like. They're frequently called "Phonetics and Prosody" or some other phrase that abbreviates "P&P". There's really more to it than just any two fields that can be abbreviated P&P, but it all has to do with what the language sounds like.

Many conlangers are mostly interested in those things; but many others are much more interested in "S&S", which is usually abbreviated "Syntax and Semantics".

Note, though, that S&S conlangers are interested in morphology as well as syntax, and in pragmatics as well as semantics.

Morphology and Syntax are about how the language is put together; how words are built, and then how sentences are built from words.

Semantics and Pragmatics are about what utterances mean.

I personally find both P&P and S&S interesting. But I'm frustrated by conlangers who completely work out the P&P of one conlang after another without every getting into the S&S at all.

So I advise people to do the opposite of what the LCK (Language Construction Kit) advises, and, instead of starting with the sounds, instead start with things like paragraphs and conversations and clause chains and complex sentences and clauses and phrases and words and morphemes, in that order. Maybe that doesn't make it easier for the conlanger, but it makes it more fun for me to read what they've got so far.

______________________________________________________

ADDED IN EDIT:

There are several websites that will tell you how each symbol sounds; some of them will also show animated pictures of the mouth parts, showing you how to make those sounds yourself.

Some of the following might be among those.

http://www.yorku.ca/earmstro/ipa/
http://www.sil.org/computing/ipahelp/index.htm
http://www.paulmeier.com/ipa/charts.html
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
http://forums.xkcd.com/viewtopic.php?f=25&t=30392
http://www.phonetics.ucla.edu/course/chapter1/chapter1.html

Hope that helps.
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Serali
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Joined: 18 Apr 2007
Posts: 929
Location: The Land Of Boingies

PostPosted: Sat Feb 26, 2011 4:56 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

^ I've always wondered how people learned IPA. Now I know.

Awesome. Must be hard to remember all of that though. >_<

Write it in IPA. *^^*
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eldin raigmore
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Joined: 03 May 2007
Posts: 1621
Location: SouthEast Michigan

PostPosted: Mon Feb 28, 2011 6:39 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Serali wrote:
^ I've always wondered how people learned IPA. Now I know.
Awesome. Must be hard to remember all of that though. >_<
(Write it in IPA. *^^* )

I will try to write it in Z-SAMPA (I can't type IPA here).
My best shot at a "narrow transcription" (phonic as opposed to phonemic).
Code:
[ aj v   O l w Ej z   w 6 n d @ r\` d   h aU w   p i p l=   l @ r\` n d   aj p i Ej   .     n aU w   aj   n o   . ]

How's that?


Serali wrote:
Awesome. Must be hard to remember all of that though.

It is for me. I don't usually remember everything I need; I usually have to go look up at least one thing.
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Serali
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PostPosted: Mon Feb 28, 2011 11:37 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

eldin raigmore wrote:
Serali wrote:
^ I've always wondered how people learned IPA. Now I know.
Awesome. Must be hard to remember all of that though. >_<
(Write it in IPA. *^^* )

I will try to write it in Z-SAMPA (I can't type IPA here).
My best shot at a "narrow transcription" (phonic as opposed to phonemic).
Code:
[ aj v   O l w Ej z   w 6 n d @ r\` d   h aU w   p i p l=   l @ r\` n d   aj p i Ej   .     n aU w   aj   n o   . ]

How's that?


YAY! Mr. Green


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Cordelier



Joined: 06 Oct 2009
Posts: 60
Location: New Mexico, USA

PostPosted: Thu Mar 03, 2011 8:56 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

@Eldin Raigamore:
You would have made such a cool yet hard teacher. LOL! I hope you do not expect me to read all these, right? Shocked But, thank you nonetheless for the clarifications.
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Serali
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PostPosted: Thu Mar 03, 2011 9:03 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Oh hell yes. He would make a fine teacher. He knows so much! Don't over work your students though!! Razz


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Hemicomputer



Joined: 04 Feb 2008
Posts: 610
Location: Calgary, Alberta

PostPosted: Fri Mar 04, 2011 7:05 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Serali wrote:
^ I've always wondered how people learned IPA. Now I know.

Awesome. Must be hard to remember all of that though. >_<

...Write it in IPA. *^^*


I'll give it a try:
/aɪ̯v 'ɒlweɪ̯z 'wʌndɹ̝d haʊ̯ 'pʰiːpl̝ lɹ̝nd aɪ̯ pʰiː eɪ̯ . naʊ̯ aɪ̯ noʊ̯ . . 'ɒsm̝ . məst biː həɹd tʰ ɹɨ'mɛmbɹ̝ ɒl ʌv ðæt ðoʊ̯/

Note that that is based on Western Canadian English and a somewhat sketchy understanding of phonetics.
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Serali
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PostPosted: Fri Mar 04, 2011 11:27 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Holy sh*t I actually understood some of that. Shocked


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eldin raigmore
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Joined: 03 May 2007
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PostPosted: Sat Mar 05, 2011 4:08 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cordelier wrote:
@Eldin Raigamore:
You would have made such a cool yet hard teacher. LOL! I hope you do not expect me to read all these, right? Shocked But, thank you nonetheless for the clarifications.


Serali wrote:
Oh hell yes. He would make a fine teacher. He knows so much! Don't over work your students though!! Razz


First: Thanks! Embarassed Very Happy Embarassed

Second: Just read the easiest or shortest one(s) first.
(Most of them are short and/or easy.)
Then when you feel like it go on to the next one that looks attractive.
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