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Mädëšk

 
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Eccentric Iconoclast



Joined: 22 Apr 2007
Posts: 36

PostPosted: Wed Apr 25, 2007 3:42 pm    Post subject: Mädëšk Reply with quote

Mädëšk (also called Mazdrivonian), in my conworld, is a language spoken in Mazdrivonia, a country about the same size as Mongolia, maybe a bit smaller. It's part of the Mazdro-Prutian language family, along with Pruttish (a very undeveloped conlang so far; I've got the basic grammar sketched out), Yamorian (ditto with Pruttish) and Arvitas (ditto again). It has fairly heavy Aquénandi influences.

It's called Mädëšk (obviously), which, quite simply, means "this language."

It stemmed out of two things: I wanted a really difficult conlang (even though Aquénandi already covered that in a completely different manner), and I wanted to see how a language with no free pronouns could work.

Here's the phonology (sorry if I screw this up; my X-SAMPA is self taught and currently rusty. I'm just going to put it in the current Mädëšk alphabetical order, vowels first and consonants later. I'm sure you can figure it out from there):

Vowels:
/a { e @ i I o 2 u y/-{a ä e ë i ï o ö u ü}

/p b m f v w/-{p b m f v w}
/t d n S Z r/-{t d n š ž r}
/c J\ J s z j/-{c j ñ s z y}
/k g N x G l/-{k g ? x q l}

The phonotactics are fairly flexible, so I won't far get into those.

Pretty much any vowel except for {ü}, {u} and {i} is prone to becoming the schwa when it's not important and not stressed (and occasionally when it is important but understood from context). Almost all nouns not ending in a consonant end in a schwa, written as {ë} or not; {yana} (woman) is pronounced /ja:n?/, for instance.

Syllable stress is often on the penultimate syllable, but it often runs away. It's not really important and varies dialectically, though.

In a lot of dialects (especially the northern and far southern ones), {y} is pronounced /z/ and {w} is pronounced /v/.

Madošk is a VSO language and has three genders.

The verbs are very, very important; much more so than the nouns. The verbs are inflected depending on the subject, the object, and any other noun pertaining to its clause. Naturally, this all changes depending on the number and gender. This would drive me fairly bonkers were agglutination not my friend.

So, let's use {bon} (the stem for {bonayñ} - to give). If I were to say "I give it to her" (presuming that the speaker is female, which I am, and the object is neuter), you could say {res azbonate}. The first {a} means that the indirect object is feminine and singular, the {z} means that it's third-person, {bon} is just the verb stem, the next {a} means both that the subject is feminine and that the direct object or stand-alone dative is singular, the {t} marks the subject as being first person singular, and the {e} means that the direct object is neuter. Whew.

Anything else (instrumental and so on) is put in between the final consonant and the vowel marking the direct object. So {res azbonate}, if you were to add the instrumental singular feminine, would become {res azbonatase}.

There are quite a few grammatical moods. These are tied together with the tense and put at the beginning of a clause. The imperative is odd because it can't be used with tense markers (Aquénandi already has a past imperative, I don't need another one), but it can be mixed with the energetic mood to make it more...energetic, or a bunch of other moods for a bunch of other purposes.

Here's the list of mood markers, just so I can use them for future reference:

Infinitive: da-
Indicative: (none)
Imperative: -roy
Energetic: ye-
Generic: do-
Conditional: ko-
Dubitative: bu-
Optative: se-
Repetitive: mö-
Subjunctive: su-
Potential: -še

The past, present and future are denoted by {-ras}, {-rus} and {-ros} respectively. {Suros}, for instance, marks the subjunctive future.

To make a verb negative, you add {vnu-} to this. The negative imperative is formed by just saying {vnoy}, although if you want to add the energetic it becomes normal; {vnuyeroy}.

If the situation is really dire or you just need to say something quickly in the imperative, just add {-oh} onto the end of the verb stem; no other inflections necessary.

After the killer verb comes the subject, the direct object with the preposition {ma} and then the indirect object with the preposition {na}. Anything else comes after that.

In intransitive verbs, you leave out the {-e}, {-a} or {-o} at the end of a verb, unless it's immediately followed by a dependent clause, in which case you use {-e}. Therefore, in verbs like {nïlus} - "forgive" - which is intransitive, you say {oy ernïluseš} (forgive me) if you're not going to explain what the person's forgiving you for, and {oy ernïluseše} if you're going to tack on {ya} to the sentence and use that, the dependent clause marker, to explain what you did or are doing.

Now that we're getting into that, the way you form two independent clauses in the same sentence is to use "ha" between clauses. I'm just going to use the same basic example that I used in the first post 'cause I'm too lazy to come up with another one and

{Ras azbonate ha arpradale yana} means "I gave it to her and she helped me."

To form an independent clause with a dependent clause, you use "ya" in the same sentence (I already covered a bit of this above)

{Ras azbonete ya erpradale yana} can mean "I gave it to her because she helped me [with it]," "I gave it to her, therefore she helped me" and so on. The nature of the clause is generally determined by the context, and if it's not, you add the appropriate word at the end of the sentence with the particle "ga." {Ras azbonete ya erpradale yana ga möstë} uses {möstë} (obviously), and {möstë} means "cause." So it means "because" specifically.

If there are two feminine indirect objects in the sentence ("I gave it to [woman 2] because [woman 1] helped me [with it]") you use the word {aüra}, meaning "other(feminine)." So one would say that phrase above by saying {Ras azbonate na yana ya arpradale aüra}.

Nouns are never pluralised because the verbs already tell you about their pluralisation status. In possessive constructions, the possessed thing has an initial vowel mutation if the possessor is plural. A prefix is added to the possessed (by demons!) thing to show that that's exactly what it is.


Last edited by Eccentric Iconoclast on Wed Apr 25, 2007 9:05 pm; edited 2 times in total
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Serali
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 25, 2007 7:23 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

That is one nice conlang!
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Tobo deu ne lenito sugu? - You kissed a frog?!
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halyihev



Joined: 23 Apr 2007
Posts: 175
Location: Vermont, New England / Vrïtálá Kritsensá, Álurhná

PostPosted: Wed Apr 25, 2007 8:08 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Nice.

Out of curiosity, what sorts of things have you done in / with it? As in, short sentences, paragraph translations, longer translations, original works, keep your diary in it, etc.?

The grammar seems decently developed. Do you have a lot of vocabulary?
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StrangeMagic
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 25, 2007 8:22 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I agree, this is a very interesting conlang. I would like to see some lexicon and maybe more examples when you have the time. ^^
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Eccentric Iconoclast



Joined: 22 Apr 2007
Posts: 36

PostPosted: Wed Apr 25, 2007 9:00 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I actually don't have a lot of vocabulary yet. It's only about a month old.

I've been creating vocabulary in Sociology class, though (boredom can be good). I'll probably make a post here with what I have so far soon, as soon as I find that damn notebook.

I try to translate stuff into it. If you look in the Random Chat forum, you'll see that I did translate my introduction.
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Eccentric Iconoclast



Joined: 22 Apr 2007
Posts: 36

PostPosted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 2:38 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Vocabulary:

NOUNS:

person - yomë
man - yaum
woman - yana
child - yometškë
boy - yometšok
girl - yanetška

dog - rofgë (female - rofga: masculine - rowg)
weapon - göskë

star - hastë
light - lastë
sun - yolsë
earth - eë


VERBS
Intransitive:

forgive - nïlusay
wonder - ?ahemay
hear - huray
exist - esay (similar to the Spanish "haber")
shine - losay
twinkle - tinlay
see - mïray
speak - mäday
dance - prezleday

Transitive:

give - präday
help (with)- bonay

...

I'll be updating this post.
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StrangeMagic
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PostPosted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 4:14 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I see, that's quite a small group but at least we see some examples! ^_^

Do you want a list of words that I have made, it's not necessarily that great. I have a separate file for verbs, adjectives and normal words. If you want one please just ask.
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Eccentric Iconoclast



Joined: 22 Apr 2007
Posts: 36

PostPosted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 4:32 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

That actually sounds nice. I'm not overly fond of the Swadesh list.

And it's barely a fraction of the vocabulary I have. I have quite a bit more, but most of it is in my head and that's not very coherent at all.
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StrangeMagic
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PostPosted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 5:04 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Okay here it is:

http://conscripts.s4.bizhat.com/viewtopic.php?p=244#244

There may be a few mistakes but use it if you wish! Smile
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Serali
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PostPosted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 6:49 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm using it! Thank you Thank you Thank you!


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Tobo deu ne lenito sugu? - You kissed a frog?!


Last edited by Serali on Sat Oct 20, 2007 12:38 am; edited 1 time in total
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Eccentric Iconoclast



Joined: 22 Apr 2007
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PostPosted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 8:47 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

That's awesome. Thank you!
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Serali
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PostPosted: Tue May 08, 2007 1:11 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Forgot to ask. How many scripts do you have?


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Tobo deu ne lenito sugu? - You kissed a frog?!


Last edited by Serali on Sat Oct 20, 2007 12:38 am; edited 1 time in total
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Eccentric Iconoclast



Joined: 22 Apr 2007
Posts: 36

PostPosted: Thu May 10, 2007 1:11 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I don't know. xD
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Serali
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PostPosted: Thu May 10, 2007 9:54 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Shocked
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